Contents 1 Case 13: Bile & Ileal Resection 1.1 1. Describe how bile acids are made from cholesterol in the liver (cholic and chenodeoxycholic acids). 1.2 2. Describe how bile acids are conjugated (addition of either glycine or taurine) in the liver to form bile salts that are then secreted into bile. 1.3 3. Describe the consequences of an insufficient pool of bile salts in the absorption of fats and the fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) in the ileum. 1.4 4. Describe the enterohepatic circulation of bile salts and specifically comment on the role of the liver, small bowel and terminal ileum. 1.5 5. Describe the role of the ileum in the absorption of the vitamin B12/intrinsic factor complex. 1.6 6. Describe the metabolic interactions between folic acid and vitamin B12 and the pathways that require both of these vitamins. 1.7 7. Describe the role of the ileum in water balance. 1.8 8. List the nutrients that are important for preventing osteoporosis. 1.9 9. Name the blood clotting factors synthesized in the liver and the nutrients that are required for clotting factor synthesis.

[edit] Case 13: Bile & Ileal Resection

[edit] 1. Describe how bile acids are made from cholesterol in the liver (cholic and chenodeoxycholic acids).

[edit] 2. Describe how bile acids are conjugated (addition of either glycine or taurine) in the liver to form bile salts that are then secreted into bile.

[edit] 3. Describe the consequences of an insufficient pool of bile salts in the absorption of fats and the fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) in the ileum.

[edit] 4. Describe the enterohepatic circulation of bile salts and specifically comment on the role of the liver, small bowel and terminal ileum.

[edit] 5. Describe the role of the ileum in the absorption of the vitamin B12/intrinsic factor complex.

[edit] 6. Describe the metabolic interactions between folic acid and vitamin B12 and the pathways that require both of these vitamins.

[edit] 7. Describe the role of the ileum in water balance.

[edit] 8. List the nutrients that are important for preventing osteoporosis.

[edit] 9. Name the blood clotting factors synthesized in the liver and the nutrients that are required for clotting factor synthesis.